分娩和生产是孕育孩子的过程中最有成就感的，也是最费力的。这些技巧能帮助你理解这件改变生活的大事，并做好准备。
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要了解分娩有三个阶段。第一阶段是子宫颈为宝宝的降生在做准备，第二阶段是胎儿真正出生，而第三阶段则是胎盘娩出期。
- 第一阶段：潜伏期是从宫口从0厘米扩张到3厘米这段时间。这时宫颈会变软变薄，也称为宫颈展平期。宫缩会比较轻微，持续时间约为30秒。活跃期也称为过渡期，这时宫颈继续打开，为胎儿在第二阶段娩出作准备。活跃期结束时，宫颈扩张应为10厘米。活跃期宫缩可持续长达60秒。对头胎准妈妈们而言，活跃期通常要延续8小时。
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- 第二阶段：宫颈已完全展平，胎儿娩出。在这一阶段中，产妇会感到有用力的需要。胎儿会向下移动，在此过程中通常会向下滑一些，然后又往回缩一些。最终能看见胎儿头顶的一小部分。在最后阶段，产妇会感到极强的压迫感，迫切需要向下用力。胎头露出，分娩的其余过程就随之完成了。
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- 第三阶段：这一阶段胎盘会娩出。如需做缝合，需等胎盘娩出后再进行。
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新生儿出生后应被放置在暖箱中。出生后1分钟和5分钟时通常要进行阿普加评分。阿普加评分是根据新生儿的皮肤颜色、脉搏、反应能力、肌肉色调和呼吸对其状态进行评估。
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抚抱小宝宝，与新生儿建立联系。
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如果宝宝愿意，可以喂母乳。
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参加分娩课程，可以对分娩的不同过程做好准备。这种课程会教你进行呼吸练习，以及分娩过程中的其他有用技巧。
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参加父母培训班，可以学习如何照顾新生儿。
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一定要制订一份怀孕计划。这项计划能让你的护理人员了解你想经历怎样的分娩过程。
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把分娩过程中所需的物品打包准备好。这可能包括网球、擀面杖、舒适的袜子及其他能带来舒适感的东西，只要是经过你的医生允许。
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把过夜所需的物品打包准备好。一定要包括牙刷、牙膏、除臭剂、洗发水、卫生巾、发刷和梳子。带上一件舒适的宽松衣服，在家穿的舒适衣服，如果你打算母乳喂养，还要带上哺乳内衣。
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准备好婴儿衣服，比如睡眠玩耍连体衣或其他给宝宝穿的小衣服。一定要带上一条抱毯，这样如果外面冷，就可以包着宝宝。
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一定要买车用婴儿座椅，而且学会使用。分娩前就要确保婴儿座椅已经正确装在车上了。
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填好医院入院前表格。这样到那一天来临的时候，你就可以快速办完入院手续，全力对付阵痛和分娩。
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了解你的医保如何为分娩提供保险服务。
警告：生活小百科登载此文出于传递更多信息之目的，文章内容仅供参考，并不意味着赞同其观点或证实其描述。
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